Menstrual pain, also known as dysmenorrhea, can manifest in various ways, primarily characterized by cramping and pain in the lower abdomen, often radiating to the lower back or thighs. Other common symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headaches, and fatigue. The pain can range from a mild ache to severe, debilitating cramps, and typically intensifies about 24 hours after the period begins, subsiding within 2-3 days.
Cramps: Throbbing or cramping pain in the lower abdomen, the most characteristic symptom.
Lower Back Pain: Pain that can radiate from the abdomen down to the lower back.
Leg Pain: Pain may extend down the legs, particularly the thighs.
Nausea and Vomiting: Some individuals experience nausea, and in some cases, vomiting, as part of menstrual pain.
Diarrhea: Changes in bowel movements, including diarrhea, can occur.
Headaches: Headaches, including migraines, are a common accompanying symptom.
Fatigue: Feeling tired and weak is also frequently reported.
Bloating: A sensation of fullness or swelling in the abdomen.
Fainting (in severe cases): In extreme cases, some women may experience fainting spells.
Mood Changes: Irritability, anxiety, and mood swings can occur.
